Does Google penalise content written with AI?
Google judges quality and scale, whatever the tool. Where AI-written pages turn into spam.
Agencies now sell "GEO" to get businesses into Google's AI answers. Google published its own guide in May 2026, and it says the work is the same as for ordinary search. This guide sets out what Google says, what feeds answers about local businesses and how to check where you stand.
Updated 29 October 2026, about 8 minutes to read
The short answer
The same way you show up in ordinary Google results. Google's own guide says AI Overviews and AI Mode draw on pages its normal ranking systems find, so a page must be indexed and allowed a snippet. You need no llms.txt file, special markup or rewritten content. For a local business, a complete Business Profile, honest reviews and pages that answer real questions do most of the work.
In May 2026 Google published a guide to the generative AI features in its search: the AI Overviews at the top of some results, and the conversational AI Mode. Its main points, in our words:
The guide also explains how the answers are built. Google's core ranking systems fetch relevant pages from its index, and the feature runs several related searches at once, which Google calls query fan-out, to gather sources for one question. To be used, a page has to be indexed and eligible to show with a snippet.
So "how do I get into AI Overviews" has the same answer as "how do I get found on Google". The rest of this guide is what that means for a local business.
Ask Google who can fix a leaking radiator in Didsbury on a Saturday, and the results lean on local information: map results built from Business Profiles, and pages from the businesses' own sites. Google's guide names the Business Profile, along with Merchant Center for products, as a way for your services to be visible in AI responses as well as in other results.
Google ranks local results on relevance, distance and prominence, which takes in your reviews and the links to you, and it says nobody can pay for a better local ranking. So for a heating engineer or any other trade, the profile work is the AI work:
If the profile is not set up properly yet, start there. Google Business Profile for a business without a storefront covers businesses that travel to their customers.
Because one AI answer is built from several related searches, a page that answers the follow-up questions in plain text gives Google more to work with. Take the questions customers already ask you, on the phone, by email or in your website chat, and answer them on the page for that service.
For a physiotherapy clinic, the page on back pain might answer:
Google's guide is blunt about what makes a page worth using: content with a first-hand view that goes beyond common knowledge, rather than a recycling of what other sites say or what any AI tool could write. A local business has plenty of that. Your prices or what decides them, the areas you cover, how a first visit works, photos of your own jobs and the questions you hear every week are all things nobody else can write for you.
Take a question a real customer might type: "physio near me open Saturday for a running injury". Each part of it needs something from the clinic:
None of that is special to AI answers. It is what a person standing at the clinic's door would want to know, written down where Google can read it.
AI answers repeat what they find, including what you forgot you published. Before you add anything new, fix or remove what is out of date:
Update a page if it is still useful. If not, remove it and redirect its address to the closest current page, so old links still lead somewhere.
Google's local ranking help says more reviews and positive ratings can help a business's local ranking. Ask every customer the same way, as the review request rules describe, and reply to what they write.
Mentions elsewhere matter less than the sellers claim. Google's guide warns that chasing inauthentic mentions across the web is not as helpful as it might seem. Real listings help people find you: your trade association, the local chamber, suppliers who list approved fitters. A paid spot on a list of "best plumbers" written for search engines is the kind of mention Google tells you not to chase.
Keep the facts the same everywhere. When your website says you close at 6pm and your Google profile says 5.30pm, an AI answer can repeat either one. The same goes for your Apple Maps place card.
A page that is not in Google's index cannot appear in an AI answer. Check these, in this order:
These are part of every site we build: titles, descriptions, structured data, a sitemap and Search Console in your account, as listed under websites.
Search Console now has a setting for Search generative AI features, and it is on by default. Switching it to exclude takes your site's links and content out of AI Overviews, AI Mode and the AI features in Google Discover, usually within a few days, and you then get no traffic or impressions from them. Google says the setting is not a ranking signal for the rest of Search.
For a local business there is little reason to switch it off. Leave it on, and check that nobody switched it off while setting up the property.
To keep a single page's text out of these features while it stays in search, Google points to its nosnippet, data-nosnippet and max-snippet controls. They limit ordinary snippets too, so use them sparingly.
Search Console has a Generative AI performance report. It shows impressions from AI Overviews and AI Mode, how they change over time, which pages get them, and the countries and devices they come from. If your site has had too few impressions in these features, the report may not appear at all.
Then check by hand, on a phone. Search the questions your customers ask, note whether an AI Overview appears, and look at which sites it links to. Answers change between people and from day to day, so treat what you see as a rough sample.
Treat third-party "AI visibility" scores with care. Google says no third-party tool has access to its internal ranking or AI systems.
Count enquiries as well as visits. If an AI answer gives your hours and phone number, a customer can call without ever opening your site, so visits can fall while the phone rings as often as before. Judge the work by calls, bookings and enquiries, and ask new customers how they found you.
Google's guide lists things to ignore, which in our words are:
It also warns that making pages for every variation of a question, mainly to steer rankings or AI answers, breaks its policy on scaled content abuse, and that a high number of pages does not make a site better.
Before you pay for a GEO package, ask the seller what exactly will change on your site and your profile, which Google guidance supports each change, and where the numbers in the monthly report come from. If the answers are vague, so is the work. More on checking these offers in our guide to SEO spam emails, and on mass-produced pages in does Google penalise AI content.
llms.txt is a proposed plain text file that lists a site's main pages for AI tools to read. Google's guide is clear: Google Search does not use it, and having one will neither help nor harm your visibility in Google Search.
This site has one, built with the rest of the pages, and it costs nothing to keep. We do not expect it to change anything on Google. If someone sells you one as a way into AI Overviews, they are selling something Google says it does not use.
If most customers find you by name, through word of mouth or through a booking marketplace, AI answers change little for you. Search the five questions your customers ask most, on a phone. If no AI Overview appears for any of them, spend the time on your map results and your profile instead.
And if your profile and main pages are already right, there is nothing extra to buy. Google's guide says there is no special optimisation to do, so a monthly fee for "AI optimisation" on top of a sound site pays for very little.
Our Growth plan includes a monthly look at your Google results, reviews and enquiries, in plain words. The prices page has the details.
No. Google's guide says you need no new machine-readable files, AI text files or special markup to appear in its AI features, and that Google Search does not use llms.txt. Having one does no harm, but it will not get you into AI Overviews. Pages that are indexed and answer the question will.
Google says no special schema.org markup is needed for its AI features. Structured data is still worth having for the result types it supports, such as business details, events or products, as long as it matches what the page shows. Treat it as part of ordinary SEO, with no special effect on AI answers.
Open the Generative AI performance report in Search Console. It shows impressions from AI Overviews and AI Mode by page, country and device, though it may not appear until you have enough impressions. Then search your customers' real questions on a phone and see which sites the answer links to.
Not as a source in the answer. Google says it does not accept payment to rank pages higher, and its AI answers draw on its ordinary ranking systems. Google sells ads, which are labelled as sponsored, but an ad is not the same as being cited in the answer.
Yes. Search Console has a Search generative AI setting, on by default, that can exclude your site from AI Overviews, AI Mode and the AI features in Discover. You then get no traffic from those features, though Google says it does not affect the rest of Search. For a local business, leaving it on usually makes more sense.
Google's answer is no: its guide says optimising for its generative AI features is optimising for search, and so still SEO. The things sold as GEO extras, such as llms.txt files, chunked content and pages rewritten for AI, are on Google's own list of things to ignore.
It repeats what it finds, so look for the source of the mistake. Check your Business Profile, your website, your Apple Maps place card and any directory listings, and make the hours the same everywhere, including holiday hours. Then give Google time to see the changes.